Your Health

is in reliable hands.

Dr Keefe,  Natural Health care, pain, Tulsa chiropractor,

Most people understand that preventing disease makes a lot more sense than trying to recover from a chronic disease process.  We hear a lot about prevention but most of us feel overwhelmed and are doing very little to protect our health.  It's true there are a lot of voices sometimes telling as contradictory things to do to maintain our health.

Which one do you follow? Unfortunately a large percentage of the population feels frustrated and end up doing very little to nothing.  At Keefe Clinic we attempt to stay balanced and offer direction that is attainable.  Eating properly, most people realize that's important yet are unsure what that fully means.  We all know exercise is important but sometimes finding the time can be difficult.  Rest and relaxation or stress management is something we all understand is important to reduce the potential of health problems.  Positive mental and spiritual attitudes we've heard is important.  A healthy nervous system is one most of us are totally in the dark about.  These five components are what we call the five laws of health.  We have a pamphlet on each one of these components if you're interested in further study.

Dr Keefe,  Natural Health care, pain, Tulsa chiropractor,

A Healthy Nervous System

What does it mean to have a healthy nervous system?  Did you know your nervous system controls and coordinates everything in your body?  Did you know your stomach could not digest food properly if the nervous system was not regulating and controlling it?  Did you know that your heart would beat erratically  if the nervous system was not controlling and coordinates it.  Did you know without your nervous system's proper function you couldn't even sleep, breathe, move are have a normal existence?

We don't hear much about the importance of the nervous system, frankly because there's no pharmaceutical drug to make the nervous system function properly in each of these areas.

Dr Keefe,  Natural Health care, pain, Tulsa chiropractor,

 Your ability to be aware of yourself and your environment, to be able to think or reason is dependent on a properly functioning nervous system.  Even to have a healthy sense of well-being depends on a cascade of chemical reactions that take place within a healthy nervous system.  In a sense, physically, you are your nervous system.  I don't mean that you're just physical; I mean that your ability to be self-aware is a function of your central nervous system.  So doesn’t it make sense that if you take care of your nervous system, then you take care of your health?  And did you know that the most common stress to your nervous system is misalignments of your neck and back?

 Dr Keefe,  Natural Health care, pain, Tulsa chiropractor,

Initial care for these misalignments is an intensive program of adjustments to obtain maximum balance to the spine.  But due to the limitations of matter and malformations due to genetic weaknesses, a perfect spine is not possible.  So after a corrective program we recommend some type of ongoing care.  Though each patient is responsible for determining how they're going to take care of their health we have recommendations that we encourage patients to consider.  One of those is our once a week wellness program.

Why once a week? 

After a corrective program the problems that are corrected tend to stay corrected unless you hurt that section again. The problems that are left in the spine are usually related to subtle malformations that don't allow certain joints to completely lock in place.   These joints are particularly sensitive to the normal stresses and strains that we put our bodies through on a 24-hour basis.  Coughing, sneezing, sitting postures or poor sleeping postures are just a few of the stresses that our bodies deal with everyday.  Add to that a lack of regular exercise, faulty diets and the effects on nerves and muscles of stress.  These factors can cause the loss of alignment and a buildup of stress (without pain)  on the nerves that are responsible for controlling our bodies.  The more often that you line up your spine the less stress that will be on your nervous system.  The more that your nervous system is free of stress the higher energy level that you'll experience.  Your resistance will be higher, in fact it has been shown that chiropractic patients who get regular chiropractic care have an immune system that functions 200% more effectively than the average person’s on the street.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POSTURE AND HEALTH Roger Sperry,Ph.D. (Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1981) discovered that 90% of the brain’s activity is used to balance your body within the gravitational field of earth. If your body is mechanically distorted, it will affect the other 10% of the brain’s activity, which controls all the other body functions such as breathing, digestion and cognition. If the body framework (bone structure and spine) is misaligned it can impede or block the electrical and chemical transmissions of the nervous system, which controls all of your body’s functions. This interference to the nervous system can cause or contribute to all kinds of symptoms and illnesses (in other words, the feeling that “I am hurting or I am sick”). Published research studies indicate that when body balance is restored, the body enters a healing cycle that alleviates pain and symptoms, elevates the immune system, increases blood and oxygen circulation, normalizes nervous system communication and creates more optimum body performance (“I feel good again”).

A recent study indicated patients who receive regular chiropractic care have a higher sense of well-being and a greater ability to cope with stress.  Your body will be more relaxed and thus sleep better.  Better sleep will lead to a sharper mind and higher energy levels.  Pretty soon you have an increasing domino effect toward better and better health.

DNA, Dr Keefe,  Natural Health care, pain, Tulsa chiropractor,

CHIROPRACTIC CARE AND DNA REPAIR.  Patient satisfaction has always driven chiropractic acceptance. Several surveys covering thousands of chiropractic participants have shown quantitative benefits to periodic long term care. They include reduced use of health care services (including hospitalizations and prescription drugs) and better sense of well-being even for seniors over 75 years of age. Geneticists in the area of ecogenetics have periodically looked at chiropractic since the late 1970s as a potential source of reducing what was called mutagen sensitivity back then. Thiol is one of the chemicals your body makes to repair damage to your DNA. A study of regular chiropractic patients in 2005 showed an increase in this DNA repair chemical compared to the general public. DNA damage leads to disease even cancer and early death.  This is one of the reasons we recommend wellness care. Chiropractic helps keep your DNA healthy. But hang on: in the long-term chiropractic treatment group, the average level was 146. It was significantly higher than the control group’s average of 124.  And the ill group of 90. DRUGS CAN'T DO THAT.

Dr Keefe,  Natural Health care, pain, Tulsa chiropractor,

I believe in wellness care and have followed once a week adjustments for over 40 years.  I can tell you from personal experience it makes a huge difference.  That's why we offer a 50% discount to encourage patients to choose the highest level of health.  You can decide to come in less often.  Or you can decide to wait until your body hurts or have some other symptom before you seek care.  The choice is yours.  We hope you pick wellness.  And quite frankly so does your body.

Dr Keefe,  Natural Health care, pain, Tulsa chiropractor,

The choice is yours. 

Your health is your responsibility.  Good choices or bad choices, you have to pay the Piper.

Dr. Keefe, Keefe Clinic. Tulsa Chiropractor, pain, natural health care.

Dr Keefe,  Natural Health care, pain, Tulsa chiropractor,

As we get older we can start noticing our bodies more than when we were younger. A lot of times these symptoms are completely reversible. The reason people have more health challenges as they get older is simply due to the fact that time is the friend of disease. Let me explain, if you have a nutritional deficiency or a misaligned vertebrae in your back those are the seeds of disease. Just like in a garden seeds take time to grow. Disease takes time to grow some times 10,15, 20 years etc.

Dr Keefe,  Natural Health care, pain, Tulsa chiropractor,

Disease does not have to be a normal part of aging. Yes we might slow down a little bit, maybe we can't run as fast as we used to and maybe your reflexes aren't as fast because we all age. But that doesn't mean that we have to develop diabetes, high blood pressure, cancer etc. chiropractic offers a proactive approach to staying well. When you maintain a better spinal alignment you have less stress on your nervous system. Your nervous system controls and coordinates every other organ in your body. If your body can regulate your digestive system better or your hormonal system better then you will stay in better health. If your diet is supplying you with the building blocks that your body needs to maintain proper chemistry and healthy tissue cells then you're going to stay in a higher level of health.

Dr Keefe,  Natural Health care, pain, Tulsa chiropractor,

 

The facts are these simple principles can have a profound effect on your level of health, your attitude toward life and your ability to stay active and healthy into old age. Most health approaches are designed to wait until you get sick and then focus on suppressing the symptoms of the illness i.e. high blood pressure pills for hypertension etc. I think most of us realize that drugs don't heal in most cases they just manage the disease as we get sicker. Natural health care works with the very foundation of health.

Dr Keefe,  Natural Health care, pain, Tulsa chiropractor,

 If you want to stay healthy and active then you must take care of your body. Eating right for your genetic makeup, making sure you're taking extra supplements that match your nutritional needs, and keeping your nervous system free of pressure are the most dynamic thing you can do for your health. It beats any annual exam, MRI, blood work or any other test to find disease. I'm not saying testing is not important I'm saying being proactive is the most important. You don't have to spend the last 5, 10+ years in a rest home hooked up to machines and taking 20+ drugs. You can stay active and vital up to the end. Call today for an evaluation. Get and stay on the road to better health. Health is the best health insurance on the market.

Methylation-and-Transsulfuration-Pathways

Methylation acts as an on/off switch that allows the body to learn how to respond to environmental change.  It represents the only cellular pathway that effects both adaptability and structural integrity of the body.  Like the simple water molecule, methyl groups are necessary for life.  This pathway is directly related to most major chronic conditions:

Dr. Keefe, Keefe Clinic. Tulsa Chiropractor, pain, natural health care.

Heart disease, Stroke, Cancer, Diabetes, MS ,ALS, Parkinson's disease,  Huntington's disease ,  CFS/FM, Mitochondrial disease,SLE, neural tube defects, Miscarriages, Down's syndrome,  Bipolar disorder, Schizophrenia,  Repair of tissue damage,Proper immune function,  The aging process, and  Autism.

methylation [meth??-la´shun] the addition of methyl groups.

Dr. Keefe, Keefe Clinic. Tulsa Chiropractor, pain, natural health care.

The issue of a person being an under or over methylator can be confusing. It may not be one of the all time critically defining issues, but it may help in the general sense. Several common supplements often recommended for those with autism spectrum conditions are involved in this process (this is just one of the processes these supplements may help with).

Dr. Keefe, Keefe Clinic. Tulsa Chiropractor, pain, natural health care.

"Methylation" is not just one specific reaction. There are hundreds of "methylation" reactions in the body. Methylation is simply the adding or removal of the methyl group to a compound or other element.

Dr. Keefe, Keefe Clinic. Tulsa Chiropractor, pain, natural health care.

So why do we care about methylation at all? In general, when some compounds receive a methyl group, this "starts" a reaction (such as turning a gene on or activating an enzyme). When the methyl group is "lost" or removed, the reaction stops (or a gene is turned off or the enzyme is deactivated). Some of the more relevant methylation reactions would be:

Dr. Keefe, Keefe Clinic. Tulsa Chiropractor, pain, natural health care.

1. getting methyl groups "turns on" detox reactions that detox the body of chemicals, including phenols. So if you are phenol sensitive, and you increase your methylation, then theoretically your body can process more phenols and you can eat fruits without enzymes!

  2. getting methyl groups "turns on" serotonin, and thus melatonin, production. Therefore, if you are a under-methylator, you can increase your methylation and have higher more appropriate levels of serotonin and melatonin. This means you may not have to take SSRIs, or may have improved sleep.

 3. if you are an over-methylator you can take certain supplements to decrease methylation and perhaps turn off reactions that need to be off. This may decrease aggression or hyperness, for example.

This is the general idea. To what extent this actually works in real life for any individual is back to "every one is different." But this is one thing that the Pfeiffer Treatment Center really looks at. I hope this explanation helps.

Something to note is that everyone is not EITHER an over OR under methylator. There are more groups than that, and you may be just fine in regards to methylation. Even if the Pfeiffer statistic is exactly correct when they say 45% are under-methylators and 15% are over-methylators, that totals 60%, so almost half the people are neither.

HOW TO HELP

Dr Keefe,  Natural Health care, pain Tulsa chiropractor,

As a solution, our unique topical delivery system, assures that our pharmaceutical grade Neuro-methylation Cream promotes and enhances the methylation processes needed to improve the production of glutathione, increase Vitamin D levels and allow maximum B12, B6 and vitamin delivery to the nervous and immune systems. This potent nutrient-rich cream can help maximize and aid in:

Mood Improvement & Stabilization   Mental Focus & Concentration                  Organization Skills   5 MTHR Mutation     Short Term Memory Loss             

Cerebral Folate Deficiency   Hormonal Regulation    Sleep Patterns   Immune Function

Dr. Keefe, Natural Health care, pain, Tulsa chiropractor, neck pain, headache, 

Such nutrients as Pyridoxal 5-Phosphate (B6) and Vitamin B12 in a methylated form called methylcobalamin (Methyl B12) and hydroxycobalamin (Hydroxy B12) and natural Vitamin D assist the body neurologically and physically. The advantage of using a topical cream is that it is delivered immediately into the skin, bypassing any mal-absorption problems of the gastrointestinal tract, which can be a common occurrence when the body is toxic or has gastrointestinal issues. In addition to assisting in detoxification and neuro-immune support, this topical cream is designed to work with the body to assist with oxidative stress, auto-immune diseases and sensory overload.

Dr. Keefe, Keefe Clinic. Tulsa Chiropractor, pain, natural health care.

Dr Keefe,  Natural Health care, pain Tulsa chiropractor,

Studies show more people are searching for natural solutions for their health. In 1993 the American Medical Association did a survey of health habits of Americans and found that more Americans visited doctors that practiced natural healthcare then doctors that practiced drug therapy and surgery.

There are many reasons for this shift in healthcare. Some people are concerned about the side effects that drugs have, (2000 deaths per week and over 1 million injuries per year), some people have a sense of body ecology and don't want to put any artificial substances within their body. Some people have discovered drugs mainly cover-up symptoms and never get to the root of their problem, and are more concerned with maximizing their health than just making some symptoms disappear.

Dr Keefe, Keefe Clinic, Natural Health Care, Tulsa Chiropractor, Diet, Pain, I'm sure you have seen either a popular magazine or news program on TV on the benefits of different natural healthcare techniques. Chiropractic is the world's largest natural healthcare profession and specializes in finding the root cause of health problems and helping restore patients to better health through natural methods.

Dr. Keefe, Keefe Clinic. Tulsa Chiropractor, pain, natural health care.

At Keefe clinic these are the principles that we specialize in. We promise you that we will not just cover-up your symptoms and allow the underlying condition time to get worse.

Dr Keefe,  Natural Health care, pain Tulsa chiropractor,

Chiropractic care, homeopathic care, individualized diet, acupuncture, nutritional therapy, muscle therapy and exercise, whatever it takes to move your body from disease to health, dysfunction to realizing your genetic potentials. We will customize a program to fit your particular health needs, from low back pain and headaches to digestive problems and PMS. From ear infections in babies to arthritis or heart disease and the geriatric patient, we offer the latest and natural healthcare.

Dr. Keefe, Keefe Clinic. Tulsa Chiropractor, pain, natural health care.

  If you have a health problem or suffering from some painful condition I would like to invite you to come in for a complimentary consultation, or, if you have been looking for clinic that offers natural healthcare and want to get started rebuilding your health, please give Keefe clinic call at 918-663-1111. We offer classic diagnostic testing as well as unique state-of-the-art innovative testing techniques from the natural healthcare field to help understand the nature of your particular health issues and help customize a treatment program. We offer comprehensive natural family care. Come join the revolution. Learn how to take control of your health needs.

For more information visit our website:

Dr. Keefe, Keefe Clinic. Tulsa Chiropractor, pain, natural health care.

 

Peeling The Onion

The Layers

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By the time the first symptoms of most health care problems appear, that condition has been developing for months, if not years. There is an initial incident that causes normal function to be interrupted. After the loss of normal function, the next step is the tissue change or pathology. Then after enough tissue damage has taken place, symptoms will finally begin to appear. Considering this, it is clear that by the time we feel or know something is wrong the process is already in one of its later stages.

Dr. Keefe, Keefe Clinic. Tulsa Chiropractor, pain, natural health care.

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The 40 year old executive who dies of a sudden heart attack may have had no symptoms beforehand, no forewarning that the problem was there until too late. However, he did not just get "sick". There were processes leading up to that fatal moment of symptoms. This is basically true with most other health care problems. When the underlying dysfunction begins, the body tries to compensate. Then the dysfunction changes in nature, and the body again tries to compensate for that change. Each one of these compensations become, in fact, a" layer" of the disease process. Battle after battle, war after war, the two processes rage on: breakdown, degeneration, and death fight against repair, regeneration, and life. Back and forth it goes, until eventually, in the disease process, the degeneration starts to win, and, in time, symptoms inform the person of this fact. Usually the first symptoms are faint and infrequent. Gradually they become more severe and frequent, until the person realizes that something is really wrong. Unfortunately, in our society, the first step then is to try to SUPPRESS these symptoms.

Dr Keefe, Keefe Clinic, Natural Health Care, Tulsa Chiropractor, Diet, Pain,

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Traditional Drug Approach

The American health care system approach is sadly ineffective: most doctors will recommend a drug or medication to help cover up or suppress the symptoms. Aspirin for chronic headaches, coating solutions for chronic indigestion, tranquilizers for chronic anxiety, nervousness, depression, painkillers for chronic pain, and on and on. These approaches simply do not deal with the problem. As we sedate or cover up the symptoms, this allows the disease process time to become more chronic, more imbedded and deep-seated, and more difficult for the body to correct, or repair.

The Layers Accumulate

Dr. Keefe, Keefe Clinic. Tulsa Chiropractor, pain, natural health care.

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When the patient, finally desperate enough to seek alternative health care options, finds a doctor who is involved in returning the body back to true health, he can find himself in an uphill struggle. By now there is layer upon layer upon layer of the disease process already in place. There will also be toxic remains within the body from the drugs, that will have to be eliminated. Most disease processes change as they progress; as more and more tissues become involved, and then different organs.

Dr. Keefe, Keefe Clinic. Tulsa Chiropractor, pain, natural health care.

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The natural health care physician now must help the patient work back through each of these levels in an effort to reach true health. The disease process could represent 5-40 years of progression! However, the patient may have only had symptoms for weeks or months. His expectation is to be well in a week or so, unless he is made aware of the true nature of his condition. The healing process can take time, as the body back-tracks through each level of toxicity and dysfunction until it returns itself to 100% normal function.

Vega Testing Evaluation

Dr. Keefe, Keefe Clinic. Tulsa Chiropractor, pain, natural health care.

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This layer effect is something that becomes very obvious in our offices when we utilize VEGA-TESTING as part of the diagnostic evaluation of a patient. When a patient comes in with a particular symptom which concerns him, we do the initial testing. Certain organs, glands, deficiencies, etc. show up at that time. As we treat these, we may find that the condition will improve, but not completely disappear. Further testing then may reveal other organs or glands that need to be treated; or the same gland may need additional treatment that wasn't evident at the first test.

Dr. Keefe, Keefe Clinic. Tulsa Chiropractor, pain, natural health care.

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This is because the body can only deal with certain levels at a time. To use an example, if we are dealing with a certain stomach condition, it may actually be a condition that is being affected by the pancreas, the liver, the kidneys, and the colon. The initial diagnostic evaluation may only show a problem with the stomach that is associated with the pancreas. As we treat the pancreas, strengthen its function, and clear that problem, then the liver and colon may show up. They will then need to be supported, and treated. After that the kidney may show up. This is because it reflects the process of how the stomach problem first originated. We will go through a reverse order until we completely clear out all the factors that lead to the particular stomach problem; then the stomach will completely heal at that time. In this process. symptoms may have gotten better at each stage, or there might not have been any symptom relief until we got to the final stage.

"Fix Me Now!"

Dr. Keefe, Keefe Clinic. Tulsa Chiropractor, pain, natural health care.

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Because of these particular complexities, there may be a time factor involved in the healing process that we as Americans are unprepared for. "Plop plop, Fizz fizz, Oh, what a relief it is!" is the philosophy of quick cure that is very popular with our "instant" world. We want what we want and we want it NOW! If you want quick relief at any cost, then you will not have a healthy body. Our apporach is dedicated to finding the root cause/s of your health problem and to work with the body until we return each organ, gland, and system of the body back to normal. And, understand, that can take time.

DETOX SYMPTOMS

Dr. Keefe, Keefe Clinic. Tulsa Chiropractor, pain, natural health care.

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It is also possible that, as we remove one layer after another, certain negative symptoms can show up. This can be common in natural health care, and has several different names: retracing, de-toxins, healing crisis. It is basically a detoxifying process that the body has to go through in order to get well. That is why we will often recommend different types of cleansing diets to help the body quickly flush out these stored toxins so that it can get on with the process of healing, and so that the process can be undergone with the least amount of discomfort possible.

Be Patient

Dr. Keefe, Keefe Clinic. Tulsa Chiropractor, pain, natural health care.

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If you have been asked to read this brochure by Dr. Keefe, it is probably because you find yourself presently in this process. Your body is attempting to return itself back to normal as fast as it can, but it may not he doing that as quickly as you would like it to. We ask that you have patience with the process, for your body's sake. We ask that you continue to follow the recommendations you have been given in order to help you get well. Be sure to communicate any questions about your particular symptoms to Dr. Keefe. We are partners in "peeling the onion" one layer at a time, attempting to get to the core. That is the goal of good health. We all have a potential of a level of good health if we are willing to work the process until we get to the desired destination. Good health may be just around the corner - you may be closer than you think you are.

Benefits Of Good Health

Dr. Keefe, Keefe Clinic. Tulsa Chiropractor, pain, natural health care.

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That is why it is important that we have a clear understanding about health and how to achieve it. Good health will affect every aspect of our lives. Good health will give us the energy we need to enjoy life and to do the things we must do in life. Good health is essential for a good state of mind, and for a feeling of wellbeing, of enjoying life at its fullest. It is worth our strong commitment and effort to be healthy in order to fulfill our callings in life.

Dr. Keefe, Keefe Clinic. Tulsa Chiropractor, pain, natural health care.

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But it takes time ... and effort. If you have not had a recent diagnostic workup, including blood tests and VEGA testing, your health could be at risk and you would not know it yet. We encourage you to schedule a Diagnostic health screen at our office to make sure all systems are functioning as they should be. Do what you need to do to get well, and then stay well by continuing to do what you need to do. Our first concern is your health. You are worth the time and effort it takes to reach that goal!! REMEMBER TIME IS THE FRIEND OF DISEASE, Get going NOW.

Dr. Keefe, Keefe Clinic. Tulsa Chiropractor, pain, natural health care.

Copper link to Alzheimer's? New research fuels debate

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Scientists on Monday reported new evidence that copper can lead to the plaque buildup in the brain that causes Alzheimer's disease, fueling fresh debate over the mineral's role in dementia.

The scientific community is divided on the question of whether copper -- found in red meat, vegetables, dairy products as well as pipes that carry drinking water in much of the developed world -- causes or prevents Alzheimer's disease.

For the latest study in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers looked at how copper in the capillaries may cause a breakdown in the blood-brain barrier, leading to a buildup of the protein amyloid beta, or plaques that are a hallmark of Alzheimer's.

According to lead author Rashid Deane, a research professor at the University of Rochester Medical Center, experiments using mice and human cells showed that low levels of copper delivered via drinking water accumulated in the capillary walls that feed blood to the brain.

"These are very low levels of copper, equivalent to what people would consume in a normal diet," said Deane.

The copper caused oxidation which interfered with another protein, called lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1), that would normally clear amyloid beta from the brain, his study said.

Not only did copper appear to prevent the clearance of plaque that is believed to be a prime culprit in Alzheimer's, it also stimulated neurons to produce more amyloid beta.

Researchers described their findings in a press release as a "one-two punch" that "provides strong evidence that copper is a key player in Alzheimer's disease."

"Copper is an essential metal and it is clear that these effects are due to exposure over a long period of time," said Deane in a statement.

"The key will be striking the right balance between too little and too much copper consumption. Right now we cannot say what the right level will be, but diet may ultimately play an important role in regulating this process."

However, other experts who have studied copper and Alzheimer's questioned the paper's findings.

"Research including our own shows the opposite, that copper prevents amyloid from forming the type of structures seen in the plaques," said Christopher Exley, professor in Bioinorganic Chemistry at Keele University in Staffordshire.

Exley and colleagues recently published their latest paper on the topic in the British journal Nature in February.

"As a group we would be thinking, based on everything that we know -- and our research has been done with human brains and brain tissues -- that if anything, copper would be protective against Alzheimer's."

Exley said a "number of things" in the PNAS paper raised red flags, such as the way they measured the copper amounts and the fact that they used animal models which do not always translate directly to humans.

"You do need a significant amount of tissue to produce results that you have a high level of confidence in. A mouse capillary -- these are very, very, very small things," Exley told AFP.

"The amount of copper which they are talking about as being possibly proactive is normal," he added.

"If you took this paper at absolute face value, it is telling everybody that we are all suffering from the effects that this paper is documenting right now because we are all exposed to this amount of copper."

Another outside researcher, George Brewer, emeritus professor of internal medicine at the University of Michigan medical school, said the "authors miss an important point about copper toxicity to the brain."

"They don't differentiate copper delivered in drinking water, as they delivered it in their study, from copper in food," Brewer said in an email to AFP.

"We have always had copper in food, so it couldn't possibly be the cause of this new AD epidemic," he said.

"If they had added this trace amount of copper to food, rather than putting it in drinking water, it would have had no effect."